Inroduction To Vedanta Class 3 Class Summary, Slides

Click Here for Lecture video Click Here for Study material Contributed By Dr T Hegde Sadhana ChatustayaSampatti- Summary Qualifications Required

• Revision

• Scriptures

• Purusharthas

• Varna / Ashrama

• Sadhanas

1 Karma yoga 2 Upasana yoga 3 Gnana yoga

• Bhakthi yoga

• Pancha Maha Yagna

Qualifications Required 1. Vivekaha - discrimination

2. Vairāgyam - dispassion

3. Mumukshutvam - desire

4. Shatka Sampattihi - discipline 1. Shama – Mastery of the mind 2. Dama – Mastery of the sense organs 3. Uparama –To turn within 4. Titiksha – mental toughness 5. Shraddha – Trust pending verification 6. Samadhana – Focusing capacity Mantra - Explanation AsatomaSadgamaya Contributed By Dr Sachin asato ma sadgamaya tamaso ma jyotirgamaya mrtyorma amrtam gamaya om shanti shanti shanti. Brhadaranyaka Upanishad — I.iii.28 Asataoma sadgamaya brings out the Sat part of Brahman Tamasoma jyotirgamaya highlights the Chit part of brahman Mrutyorma amritamgamaya the Ananda part of Brahman Sat-Chit-Ananda Mantra Om Purnamadah Contributed By Dr Anupama

Qualifications for self enquiry- VIVEKA Contributed BY Dr Diwakar

What is Viveka? à vi + vich = ‘Vaivekti’, to separate, divide, discernment, discriminate Discriminate between what? Nithya Anithya Vasthu What is Nithya and Anithya Vasthu? Nithya Vasthu Ekam Brahmaa Tathvyathiriktam Sarvam Anithyam Brahman alone is real, other than Brahman everything is unreal Mumukshutvam – desire Contributed By Shivakumar Yadalam The third qualification for Self Enquiry in Saadhanaa Chatushtaya is “Mumukshutvam” or “Desire” “Mumuksutvam Kim? Mokso me bhuyat iti icchaa” ‘What is mumuksutvam? Let me attain Liberation’ Every human, driven by their own svabhāva , their intense nature, their Vaasanas and thier intense desire (rāgaḥ-dveṣaḥ) for obtaining finite goals of Dharma, arta, kāma puruṣārthas, caught in the web of Samsaarah, experience strong negative feelings. A great monk, who once said: “A Happy slave is the greatest enemy of freedom” An intense desire to be liberated, to get out of the sphere of pain and pleasure, to be free of the Samsaaraha is Mumukshutvam. Mumukshutvam is a strong desire for Moksha. Mumukshutvam: Categories •Ati Manda - Very dull •Manda - Dull •Madhyama •Teevra – Strong Summary 1. The burning desire for freedom or Moksha in a person is called Mumukshutvam and such a person is called a Mumukshu. For a Teevra Mumukshu, the desire for liberation is their predominant and focussed desire in life. 2. The desire for Moksha cannot be created, but based on the frame of a person’s mind, it emanates on its own. 3. With maturity, we realise attaining Moksha is our final goal of life. 4. Unlike other worldly desires, the desire for freedom focuses the mind on the Self. Three things that are said to be extremely rare and are possible only with the grace of Brahman: 1. Manuṣyatvam - to be born as a human being, 2. To have a intense desire for Jnanam - Mumukshutvam, and 3. To be under the blessings of a Guru/teacher Vairāgyam -dispassion Contributed By Venkatesh Prasad

SADHANA CHATUSHTAYA- VAIRAGYA Importance of Vairagya •Vairagya Shatakam •Yoga Vasishta •Ashtavakra Gita •Bhagavadgita sri-bhagavan uvaca asamsayam maha-baho mano durnigraham calam abhyasena tu kaunteya vairagyena ca grhyate Gita 6.35 Virtue of Vairagya •Jainism & Zen Buddhism SADHANA CHATUSHTAYA- VAIRAGYA Detachment & Relationship Let there be spaces in your togetherness And let the winds of heaven dance between you. Love one another but make not a bond of love. Let it rather be a moving sea between the shores of your souls Sing and Dance together but let each one be alone. Stand together yet not too near together, for the pillars of a temple stand apart and the Oak & Cypress grow not in each other’s shadow- Khalil Gibran ShatkaSampattihi – Six-fold discipline Contributed By Dr. Sunder

SAMAH MANO NIGRAHA Also called Tranquillity of mind - a mind which is free from stress & strain Mind mastery is the capacity to regulate and direct our mental energy - like damming a river and channelling the water DAMAH BAHYA INDRIYA NIGRAHA Sense Mastery or Sensory discipline Sense Mastery means directing the sense organs in the chosen field. See only what is proper, Hear only what is proper. UPARAMA Capacity to withdraw physically & emotionally To turn within - reduce extrovertedness Extrovertedness (Always being in Artha Kama) is a very big obstacle because it robs ones TIME from higher pursuits SVADHARMA ANUSTANAM what karma is permitted? Increase Nitya Naimitta Karmas and reduce Kamya Prayaschitta and Nishidda Karma to tilt the balance of life TITIKSHA Sitosna Sukha Dukhadi Sahisnutvam Means mental toughness to withstand all forms of challenges in life. Forbearance. It is psychological immunity / inner strength to experience the pairs of opposites without seriously getting affected. When faced with adversities we try remedial measures - this is SOLUTION APPROACH. When we do not have a solution we get angry this is the EXPLOSION APPROACH. When the situation is such that we cannot get angry, then we suffer silently this is IMPLOSION APPROACH. The scriptures offer another approach - TITIKSHA SHRADDHA Guru Vedanta Vakyadishu Visvasaha. Faith in the Validity of Scriptures & Guru Not blind faith but an open minded, non-critical mindset giving the benefit of the doubt to the teacher until I understand things clearly. Intellectual arrogance is a very big obstacle for scriptural studies. Faith is like sixth sense organ SAMADHANA Chitta Ekagrata Focusing capacity on the goal in front of me. Being 100% in the present, whatever I may do. SHORT TERM - freedom from distraction when I listen LONG TERM - In and through my various pursuits, I should not lose sight of the ultimate goal, which should be at the back of my mind. This is like a long train journey. I may get down at many stations. But I never miss the train IN CONCLUSION Karma Yoga gives me Samatvam - A calm mind Upasana Yoga gives me the ability to withdraw my mind at will With these I am a Sadhana Chatustaya Sampanna & I am now all set to take the journey of Jnana Yoga Mantra Om SarveshaamSvastir-Bhavatu Contributed By Ullas सर्वेषां स्वस्तिर्भवतु । SarveśāmSvastirBhavatu सर्वेषां शान्तिर्भवतु । SarveśāmShāntirBhavatu सर्वेषां पूर्नं भवतु । SarveśāmPūrnamBhavatu सर्वेषां मड्गलं भवतु ॥ SarveśāmMaṇgalamBhavatu May there be well-being in all May there be peace in all May there be fulfilment in all May there be auspiciousness in all ॐ सर्वे भवन्तु सुखिनः। Om, Sarvebhavantusukhinaḥ सर्वे सन्तु निरामयाः। Sarvesantunirāmayāḥ सर्वे भद्राणि पश्यन्तु। Sarvebhadrāṇipaśyantu मा कश्चित् दुःख भाग्भवेत्॥ Mākashchitduḥkhabhāgbhavet ॐ शान्तिः शान्तिः शान्तिः ॥ OṁShāntiḥ, Shāntiḥ, Shāntiḥ May all be prosperous and happy May all be free from illness May all see what is spiritually uplifting May no one suffer Om peace, peace, peace Why pray for the entire creation? The root of all problems- Wrong Identification Empathy Annapurnesadaapurne Contributed By Smt Rama Meaning of Annapoorna •She is full and complete with food •She is the strength of Shiva •She grants knowledge •She is beyond Maayaa •She is Aadishakthi The Description of Annapoorna •Youthful goddess with a red complexion •Round faced with three eyes •Four hands with golden vessel, ladle, abhaya mudra, and varada mudra •Alternatively hands are holding akshamala, scriptures, golden vessel, and ladle Oṃ Annapūrṇe sadāpūrṇe Śaṇkara prāṇa vallabhe jñāna vairāgya siddhyartham bhikṣām dehī ca pārvatī. O Mother Annapoorna You Who are always Full (with the gift of Food and Blessings) You Who are the Beloved of Shankara Daughter of the Himalayas The Alms of Your Grace, to awaken within me Spiritual Knowledge and Freedom from all Worldly Desires. Please grant me The Story of Annapoorna •Shiva tells Parvathi that the world including food is Maayaa (illusion) •Parvathi, the mother of the world, gets angry and disappears from the world •The world suffers from widespread hunger and thirst •Out of compassion at the plight of the world and its inhabitants, she reappears in Kashi •Hearing about her return, Shiva regrets his words and presents his bowl to receive alms •Parvathi smiles and gives food to Shiva •Since then, she is worshipped as Annapoorna the Goddess of nourishment

Adhikāri Eligibility Contributed By Dr T Hegde How to Get Sadhana Chatushtayam? •Karma Yoga will get Vivekha, Viragya and Mumukshuthvam •Upasana Yoga will get discipline, Shakta Sampathi The Ten Commandments in Hinduism • The five yamas are ahimsa, Satyam, asteyam, brahmacharyam, and aparigraha. •The five Niyamās are – Shoucham, Santōshaha, Tapaha, Swādhyāyaha, and Ēshwara Pranidhānam The five yamas are 1 Ahimsa (non-violence) is the avoidance of violence and injury -In thoughts, in speech and in action 2 Satyam (truthfulness) is primarily a verbal discipline by not telling lies or speaking untruths 3 Asteyam (non-stealing) literally means non-stealing , Any unfair transaction, Not paying a person his due 4 Brahmacharyam (chastity) means having the right attitude towards sexuality 5 Aparigraha – reduce our needs to the essentials Yama means self-restraint •To Patanjali self-restraint does not mean to repress oneself •It simply means to direct one's life •Like the banks of a river The Five Niyamās 1. Shoucham – Cleanliness in thought, word and deed, body, place, place for everything 2. Santōshaha - Contentment 3.Tapaha - Moderation in everything 4. Swādhyāyaha - Scriptural study and 5. Ēshwara Pranidhānam - Surrender to the Lord Mundaka Upanishad

Om Puurnnam-Adah Puurnnam-IdamPuurnnaat-Purnnam-Udacyate

PuurnnasyaPuurnnam-AadaayaPuurnnam-Eva-Avashissyate ||

Om ShaantihShaantihShaantih ||